Layin Samar da Man Shanu Mai Kauri

Takaitaccen Bayani Kan Tsarin Yin Man Shanu:

Madara → Rabawa → Man Shafawa → Man Shafawa → Man Shafawa → Tsufa → Man Shafawa → Man Shafawa

Ana iya raba tsarin zuwa manyan matakai uku:Sarrafa Man Shafawa, Juyawa & Aiki,kumaMarufi & Ajiya.

1. Sarrafa Man Shafawa: Shirya Kayan Danye

Wannan shine mataki mafi mahimmanci don tantance dandano da ingancin man shanu na ƙarshe.

• Rabuwa:Da farko ana raba madarar da ba a danye ba zuwa madarar kirim da madarar da ba a danye ba. Ana yin hakan ne ta amfani da na'urar raba madarar da ke jujjuya madarar a cikin sauri mai yawa. Madarar da ta fi kauri tana motsawa zuwa waje, yayin da aka tattara kirim mai kauri daga tsakiya.
• Man shafawa:Ana dumama man shafawa zuwa wani takamaiman zafin jiki (misali, 85°C/185°F na tsawon daƙiƙa 15-20) don lalata ƙwayoyin cuta masu cutarwa da enzymes waɗanda za su iya haifar da lalacewa. Wannan yana tabbatar da aminci kuma yana tsawaita rayuwar shiryayye.
• Nunawa (ga Man Shanu Mai Lambu):Wannan mataki shine abin da ya bambantaman shanu mai tsami mai daɗidagaman shanu mai noma.Tsufa/Ƙarfin hali:Ana sanyaya kirim ɗin kuma a ajiye shi a ƙaramin zafin jiki (kusan 4-8°C ko 40-46°F) na tsawon awanni 8-12. Wannan tsari na "tsufa" yana bawa kitsen kitse damar taurare, wanda yake da mahimmanci ga kitsen ya narke yadda ya kamata kuma ya samar da man shanu mai kyau.
  • Man Shanu Mai Zaki:Ana sanyaya kirim ɗin da aka yi wa pasteurized nan take sannan a mayar da shi cikin ruwan zafi. Wannan yana haifar da ɗanɗano mai laushi da kauri (irin wanda aka fi sani a Amurka da Birtaniya).
  • Man shanu mai noma:Ana ƙara ƙwayar cuta ta lactic acid a cikin man shafawa mai narkewa. Sannan a saka shi a cikin injin na tsawon awanni da yawa. Kwayoyin cutar suna tarawa lactose (sukarin madara) zuwa lactic acid, suna ba man shanu ɗanɗano mai daɗi, mai daɗi, kuma mai rikitarwa (wanda aka saba gani a Turai).

2. Juyawa & Aiki: Canjin Jiki

Wannan shine matakin da yanayin jikin kirim ɗin ke canzawa sosai.

• Rawa:Man shafawa mai sanyi da tsufa ana zuba shi a cikin injina. Man shafawa na zamani manyan ganguna ne masu juyawa na bakin karfe ko kuma injunan juyawa masu ci gaba.Man shanu mai narkewa:Da zarar ƙwayar man shanu ta kai girman ƙananan wake ko ƙwayar alkama, sai a daina jujjuyawar. Ana fitar da man shanu daga ciki. (Wannan shine "abin sha na gaskiya", wanda yake da ɗanɗano da ƙarancin kitse, ba kamar abin sha da ake nomawa a shaguna ba).
  • Kimiyya:Yayin da man ke motsawa, iska tana shiga, tana samar da kumfa. Ƙwayoyin kitse, waɗanda ke kewaye da membrane mai rauni na phospholipid, suna karo kuma membranes ɗinsu suna fashewa.
  • Sakamakon:Ruwan kitsen da ke cikin globules ɗin yana fitowa ya fara mannewa, yana taruwa cikin manyan ƙwayoyin man shanu. Wannan yana barin wani ruwa da ake kira ruwa mai sunamadarar madara.
• Wankewa:Sannan a wanke hatsin man shanu da ruwan sanyi mai tsafta. Wannan matakin yana cire duk wani man shanu da ya rage, wanda zai sa man shanu ya lalace da sauri.
• Gishiri (Zaɓi):Ana iya ƙara gishiri don dandano da kuma kiyayewa ta halitta. Ko dai a ƙara shi busasshe ko kuma a matsayin ruwan gishiri a gauraya shi sosai.
• Aiki:Sannan a "yi aiki" ko a murƙushe man shanu. Wannan tsari ne na injiniya wanda ke tabbatar da cewa ruwan ya watse a hankali kamar ƙananan ɗigo a duk tsawon lokacin kitsen (wannan ana kiransa emulsion na ruwa-cikin mai). Hakanan yana ba wa man shanu kyakkyawan laushi da kamanninsa na ƙarshe.

3. Marufi da Ajiya

• Marufi:Ana yanka man shanu da aka gama ta atomatik a naɗe shi a cikin tubalan, tukwane, ko birgima ta amfani da takardar takarda ko naɗe foil don kare shi daga haske da iska, wanda zai iya haifar da iskar shaka da kuma ƙonewa.
• Ajiya:Ana adana man shanu a kuma kai shi cikin firiji domin ya kiyaye tsari da kuma sabo. Saboda yana da kitse kusan kashi 80%, yana kuma iya ɗaukar ɗanɗano daga wasu abinci da ke cikin firiji, don haka marufi yana da mahimmanci.

Muhimman Abubuwan da Suka Faru Wajen Samar da Man Shanu:

1. Man shanu:Babban samfurin. A ma'anarsa, man shanu dole ne ya ƙunshi aƙalla kashi 80% na kitsen madara. Sauran shine ruwa (kimanin kashi 16-18%) da kuma madarar da ta taurare (kimanin kashi 1-2%).
2. Madarar shanu:Sauran kayan. A al'ada, wannan shine ruwan da aka bari bayan an juya. Yanzu sau da yawa ana noma shi daban bayan an tace shi don samar da abin sha na madarar shanu da aka noma da ake sayarwa a shaguna.

Nau'ikan Man Shanu:

• Man Shanu Mai Zaki:An yi shi da kirim mai sabo, wanda aka yi masa man shafawa. Ɗanɗano mai laushi.
• Man shanu mai noma:An yi shi da kirim mai tsami da aka yi da ƙwayoyin cuta. Ɗanɗanon "babba".
• Gishiri vs. Mara Gishiri:Bayani kai tsaye. Ba a cika yin gishiri ba ana kiransa "man shanu mai zaki."
• Man Shanu Mai Salon Turai:Yana da yawan kitse (82-86%) kuma galibi ana noma shi, wanda ke haifar da ɗanɗano mai daɗi da laushi mai laushi, mai kyau don yin burodi.